Because fats are one of the main subclasses of lipids (basically, lipids are often associated with fats for most people), it is easy to remember that they decompose into fatty acids. Lipids break down into glycerol and fatty acids. Decomposition of Lipids (“Lipid and Protein Catabolism” n. To better remember the general scheme of the processes of catabolism and anabolism, it is possible to use the following diagram: Fig. There, they might be reattached again to form triacylglycerol, then be wrapped in proteins and transported around the body (“Lipid Metabolism” 1-2). After that, the resulting molecules are transported into enterocytes (intestinal absorptive cells). To give an example, triacylglycerols (dietary fats) in the process of catabolism are broken down into two molecules of fatty acids and a molecule of monoacylglycerol in the presence of lipase. At the same time, when decomposed, lipids produce a vast amount of energy, which is why they are used by most organisms to store energy. Speaking about the structure and function of lipids, it is worth pointing out that lipids are often hydrophobic, which allows them to be parts of cell membranes and form water-repellent integuments, and regulate the permeability of cells. It is worth noting that certain lipids cannot be synthesized in some organisms, and must be obtained via food. After that, these fatty acids are joined with a variation of glycerol, which results in a molecule of phosphatidic acid, to which a “hydrophilic portion of the lipid is added,” creating a molecule of a lipid (Paustian n. In the process, fatty acids are created in the presence of synthases (catalyzing enzymes) from acetyl-CoA (“Lipid Biosynthesis” n. Lipids are synthesized from carbohydrates when there is an oversupply of them. Lipid anabolism, on the other hand, is the process of synthesizing the molecules of lipids from simpler ones so as to store energy.
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